Ritonavir is primarily used as an antiretroviral medication in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It functions as a protease inhibitor, preventing the HIV virus from replicating by blocking the protease enzyme essential for its maturation. Often, it is used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to enhance their effectiveness, a strategy known as boosting. By inhibiting the metabolism of these drugs, Ritonavir increases their concentration in the bloodstream, improving overall therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, it is sometimes employed in the management of hepatitis C and other viral infections. Its role in boosting the efficacy of other medications makes it a critical component in complex treatment regimens for viral diseases.