Phenacetin is primarily used as an analgesic and antipyretic, effectively reducing pain and fever. It has been historically utilized in combination with other drugs, such as aspirin and caffeine, to enhance its pain-relieving effects. This compound works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are chemicals in the body that cause inflammation and pain. Due to its potential side effects, including kidney damage and a risk of carcinogenicity, its use has significantly declined in many countries, with safer alternatives like acetaminophen being preferred. However, it remains a subject of interest in research for its pharmacological properties and potential applications in studying pain mechanisms.