Used as a viscosity modifier and thickening agent in water-based drilling fluids in oil and gas exploration. Helps control fluid loss and stabilizes the borehole by forming a thin, low-permeability filter cake. Also employed in construction materials like cement and plaster to improve workability, water retention, and adhesion. Commonly found in personal care products such as lotions and toothpastes for its suspending and stabilizing properties. Additionally, used in pharmaceuticals as a disintegrant in tablets and in agriculture for controlled release formulations in pesticides and fertilizers.