Sodium pyruvate solution (100×) is widely used in cell culture applications as a metabolic supplement. It serves as an energy source for cells, particularly in low-glucose or stress conditions, by providing an alternative pathway for ATP production through the citric acid cycle. This solution is often added to media to enhance cell growth, viability, and recovery, especially in primary cell cultures or during cell cloning. It also acts as an antioxidant, helping to reduce oxidative stress and protect cells from damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, sodium pyruvate is utilized in research studies to investigate metabolic pathways, cellular respiration, and the effects of hypoxia or nutrient deprivation on cell behavior. Its inclusion in culture media is particularly beneficial for sensitive cell types, such as neurons or stem cells, to maintain optimal physiological conditions.