Used extensively in cell culture applications, particularly for the cultivation of primary cells and sensitive cell lines. Supports optimal cell growth and viability due to its balanced formulation that mimics physiological conditions, including glucose as the primary energy source and L-glutamine as an essential amino acid for protein synthesis and cellular metabolism. Commonly used in studies involving mammalian cells, including human and animal tissue cultures such as skin or liver cells. Ideal for experiments requiring precise pH control, as the bicarbonate and HEPES components provide effective buffering systems in conjunction with CO2 in incubators. The presence of phenol red allows for visual monitoring of medium pH during incubation. Frequently employed in virology, immunology, and cancer research, as well as in reproductive medicine for in vitro fertilization procedures. Suitable for both routine cell maintenance and specialized assays requiring low stress environments.