Used as a ligand in catalytic systems, particularly in transition metal complexes for cross-coupling reactions. Its structure allows for strong coordination to metals, enhancing catalyst stability and activity. Commonly applied in palladium-catalyzed reactions such as Suzuki and Heck couplings, where it helps improve yield and selectivity. Also explored in materials science for designing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to its rigid aromatic backbone and ability to form stable networks. Shows potential in developing luminescent complexes and sensors owing to its electronic properties.