Used as an efficient ligand in catalytic reactions, particularly in copper-catalyzed coupling processes such as Ullmann-type reactions. It stabilizes metal centers and enhances reactivity and selectivity under mild conditions. Also employed in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals due to its ability to promote carbon-heteroatom bond formation. Shows utility in materials science for constructing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with well-defined structures. Its high thermal stability and strong coordination make it suitable for applications in heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis.