Used as a key building block in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of liquid crystals and conjugated polymers for electronic applications. Its rigid aromatic structure and ethynyl linkage enhance molecular conjugation, making it valuable in materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and semiconducting devices. The carboxylic acid group allows for easy functionalization or attachment to surfaces and macromolecules, useful in sensor development and surface modification. Also employed in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) due to its ability to act as a linker ligand.