Used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of flavor and fragrance compounds. Its ester functionality enhances lipophilicity, making it useful in prodrug design to improve cellular uptake of active molecules. Commonly employed in the food industry to modify taste profiles, providing a smoother sour note compared to free malic acid. Also utilized in cosmetic formulations for pH adjustment and as a mild exfoliating agent due to its alpha-hydroxy acid structure. Shows application in electrochemical processes as a chelating agent for metal ions in plating solutions.