Used to enhance mechanical strength and electrical conductivity in polymer composites for aerospace and automotive parts. Applied in coatings to provide anti-static, electromagnetic shielding, and transparent conductive properties. Employed in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors to improve electrode performance. Utilized in sensors for detecting gases and biological molecules due to high surface area and sensitivity. Incorporated into structural materials for lightweight, high-strength applications. Also used in filtration membranes for improved durability and contaminant removal. Researched for medical applications such as targeted drug delivery and bioimaging.