Used in electronics for conductive films and flexible circuits due to high electrical conductivity. Applied in composite materials to enhance strength and durability while keeping weight low, especially in aerospace and automotive industries. Employed in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors to improve electrode performance. Utilized in sensors for detecting gases, chemicals, and biological molecules owing to high surface area and sensitivity. Also found in coatings for anti-static and electromagnetic shielding purposes. Explored in biomedical applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering, leveraging biocompatibility and cellular interaction properties.