Voglibose is primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It functions as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, which helps to slow down the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine. This leads to a more gradual rise in blood glucose levels after meals, making it particularly effective in controlling postprandial hyperglycemia.

It is often prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise, and can be used alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medications like sulfonylureas, metformin, or insulin. Voglibose is especially beneficial for patients who experience significant spikes in blood sugar levels after eating.

In addition to its use in diabetes management, voglibose has been explored for its potential in preventing the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to overt diabetes. It is also sometimes used in the treatment of dumping syndrome, a condition that can occur after certain types of stomach surgery, where it helps to slow carbohydrate absorption and reduce symptoms.

The medication is typically taken orally, usually before meals, to maximize its effectiveness in controlling post-meal blood sugar levels. As with any medication, it is important for patients to follow their healthcare provider's instructions and monitor their blood sugar levels regularly while using voglibose.