5-Thio-D-glucose is primarily used in biochemical research as a tool to study glucose metabolism and transport mechanisms. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of glucose transporters, making it valuable for investigating cellular glucose uptake processes. This compound is also employed in studies related to diabetes and cancer research, as it helps in understanding the role of glucose in tumor cell growth and energy metabolism. Additionally, it has been explored for its potential antiviral properties, particularly in inhibiting the replication of certain viruses that rely on glucose metabolism. Its unique properties make it a useful compound for probing metabolic pathways and developing therapeutic strategies.