Used in organic electronics due to its strong electron-donating properties and thermal stability. Commonly applied as a hole-transport material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and perovskite solar cells. Its planar molecular structure supports efficient π-π stacking, enhancing charge carrier mobility. Also investigated as a building block in organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors (OFETs). Shows promise in photovoltaic devices for improved device efficiency and stability under operational conditions.