Used in organic electronics and photovoltaic devices due to its excellent hole-transport properties and stability. The compound serves as a key intermediate in synthesizing carbazole-based polymers and small molecules for OLEDs (organic light-emitting diodes), where it contributes to efficient electroluminescence. Its carboxylic acid functionality allows for easy functionalization and attachment to other moieties, making it valuable in designing dyes and sensors. Also explored in perovskite solar cells as a surface modifier to enhance device efficiency and stability.