4-Oxofenretinide is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer therapy, particularly in the treatment of leukemia and other malignancies. It has shown promise in inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, making it a candidate for targeted cancer treatments. Additionally, its ability to modulate cell differentiation and proliferation is being explored for therapeutic applications in diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth. Research is ongoing to better understand its mechanisms and optimize its use in clinical settings.