STAT5-IN-2 is primarily used in research settings to study the role of STAT5 signaling pathways in various biological processes. It is a selective inhibitor of STAT5, a transcription factor involved in cell growth, survival, and differentiation. Researchers utilize this compound to investigate its effects on cancer cells, particularly in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors where STAT5 activation is implicated. By inhibiting STAT5, it helps in understanding the molecular mechanisms driving tumor progression and in evaluating potential therapeutic strategies. Additionally, it is employed in preclinical studies to assess its efficacy in combination with other anticancer agents, aiming to enhance treatment outcomes. Its application extends to studying immune responses, as STAT5 is also critical in regulating immune cell function.