MSA-2 is primarily recognized for its role in modulating the immune system, particularly in the context of cancer immunotherapy. It functions as a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which enhances the body's innate immune response against tumor cells. By activating the STING pathway, MSA-2 promotes the production of type I interferons and other cytokines, leading to increased anti-tumor activity and improved immune surveillance. This makes it a promising candidate for combination therapies with other immunotherapeutic agents, such as checkpoint inhibitors, to enhance their efficacy. Additionally, MSA-2 is being explored for its potential in treating viral infections, where boosting the immune response can help in controlling and eliminating pathogens. Its application in preclinical studies has shown encouraging results, paving the way for further development in clinical trials for both oncology and infectious diseases.