GSK2578999A is a selective inhibitor of mutant KRAS proteins, primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in oncology, particularly in cancers driven by KRAS mutations, such as lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. It functions by inhibiting the abnormal activity of KRAS, which is a key driver in cancer cell proliferation and survival. Research highlights its role in modulating this critical oncoprotein, making it a candidate for targeted cancer therapies. Preclinical studies have explored its efficacy in reducing tumor size and inhibiting metastasis in various cancer models. Additionally, its selectivity and mechanism of action position it as a promising compound for combination therapies and for treating patients resistant to standard treatments. Further clinical trials are essential to validate its safety and efficacy in human patients.