Mutant IDH1 inhibitors are primarily used in the treatment of cancers associated with mutations in the IDH1 gene, such as certain types of gliomas and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These inhibitors work by targeting the abnormal enzyme produced by the mutated gene, which disrupts cellular metabolism and promotes tumor growth. By blocking this enzyme, the inhibitors help normalize metabolic processes, reducing cancer cell proliferation and inducing differentiation of malignant cells. This targeted approach offers a more precise treatment option with potentially fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. Additionally, mutant IDH1 inhibitors are being explored in combination therapies to enhance their efficacy and improve patient outcomes.