hDHODH-IN-5 is primarily utilized in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug development, particularly as an inhibitor targeting human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH). This enzyme plays a critical role in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, which is essential for DNA and RNA synthesis in rapidly proliferating cells. By inhibiting hDHODH, this compound has shown potential in suppressing the growth of certain cancer cells and autoimmune diseases, where uncontrolled cell proliferation is a hallmark. In cancer research, hDHODH-IN-5 is explored for its ability to selectively target and inhibit the proliferation of malignant cells, offering a promising therapeutic strategy. Additionally, its application in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, is being investigated due to its potential to modulate immune cell activity by limiting pyrimidine availability. Furthermore, hDHODH-IN-5 is studied in the context of viral infections, as some viruses rely on the host cell's pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway for replication. Inhibiting hDHODH could potentially reduce viral replication and serve as an antiviral treatment. Its versatility and targeted mechanism make it a valuable compound in ongoing preclinical and clinical research.