NPS-2143 is primarily used in research settings to study calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR) due to its role as a selective antagonist. It is particularly valuable in understanding the regulation of calcium homeostasis and its implications in various physiological and pathological conditions. Researchers utilize NPS-2143 to investigate its potential therapeutic applications in diseases such as osteoporosis, where abnormal calcium signaling plays a critical role. Additionally, it aids in exploring the mechanisms of bone metabolism and kidney function, offering insights into potential treatments for disorders related to calcium dysregulation. Its application extends to pharmacological studies aimed at developing targeted therapies for conditions influenced by CaSR activity.