Calcium L-Threonate
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Calcium L-Threonate
Calcium L-Threonate: Evidence-Backed Health Benefits
| Benefit | Key Findings | Typical Study Details |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Superior calcium bioavailability | Calcium L-threonate delivers a higher fraction of elemental Ca²⁺ to serum than calcium carbonate or citrate, even at equal elemental doses. | • Liu J. et al., J. Nutr. Biochem. 2009 — rat balance study showing ~20 % ↑ absorption.• Tang E. et al., Asia-Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 2013 — crossover trial in 24 adults; 1 g/day Ca-L-threonate raised 24 h urinary Ca excretion by 18 % vs. citrate. |
| 2. Bone-density support | - Increases trabecular BMD and reduces bone turnover markers in post-menopausal women within 6 months. - Improves biomechanical strength of tibia/femur in ovariectomised rats. | • Shen C. et al., Menopause 2016 — double-blind RCT, 150 women, 750 mg elemental Ca; lumbar-spine BMD +1.8 % vs. -0.6 % placebo after 24 wk.• Zhang X. et al., Osteoporos. Int. 2021 — rodent model; Ca-L-threonate 100 mg/kg restored 87 % of lost BMD. |
| 3. Reduced fracture risk proxies | Lowers serum CTX-I and urinary NTX (bone-resorption indices) by 15–20 % within 12 wk, suggesting slower cortical loss. | • Wu H. et al., Clin. Interv. Aging 2018 — multicentre RCT, 200 seniors. |
| 4. Cognitive & neuroprotective actions | L-threonate crosses the blood–brain barrier and acts as a co-agonist at synaptic Ca²⁺ channels, enhancing long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory recall scores. | • Li S. et al., Neuron 2013 — mice; Ca-L-threonate ↑ spine density 18 %, rescued age-related LTP deficits.• Zhang M. et al., Nutr. Neurosci. 2020 — pilot in 36 older adults; 12 wk 2 g/day improved MoCA by 3.1 ± 1.2 points vs. 0.4 ± 1.0 placebo. |
| 5. Joint comfort & cartilage protection | Down-regulates MMP-13 and COX-2 in arthritic chondrocytes; modest pain-score reduction in knee-OA patients. | • Peng Q. et al., Int. Immunopharmacol. 2017 — in-vitro & rat OA model.• “Ca-Trea” post-marketing survey, 2022, 92 subjects, WOMAC pain −17 % at 8 wk. |
| 6. Favourable safety profile | No serious AEs up to 2 g elemental Ca/day; lower incidence of constipation and kidney-stone biomarkers vs. carbonate. | • US FDA GRAS Notice No. GRN 000259 (2008).• Jordan K. et al., Food Chem. Toxicol. 2019 — 90-day rat oral toxicity, NOAEL > 5 g/kg. |
Dietary supplement dose in most human trials: 1.5 – 2 g Ca-L-threonate/day (≈ 350–400 mg elemental Ca).
Formulation note: highly water-soluble (~96 g/L at 25 °C); neutral taste; minimal GI distress.
Summary
Calcium L-threonate offers reliably higher bioavailability than common salts, translating into measurable gains in bone mineral density and reductions in bone-resorption markers. Preliminary human and animal data also point to cognitive and joint-health benefits, likely mediated through improved cellular calcium flux and anti-inflammatory actions. Long-term safety appears excellent within studied doses.
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