Widely used in molecular biology for electrophoresis, particularly for separating and analyzing nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. It provides a stable pH environment, ensuring accurate migration of molecules during gel electrophoresis. Commonly employed in techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Also utilized in protein studies, as it maintains protein stability and function during experiments. Additionally, it serves as a buffer in various biochemical assays and cell culture applications, ensuring optimal conditions for enzymatic reactions and cellular processes.