Sodium bicarbonate buffer is widely used in biological and biochemical research to maintain a stable pH environment. It is particularly effective in cell culture applications, where it helps to regulate the acidity and alkalinity of the medium, ensuring optimal conditions for cell growth. In molecular biology, this buffer is essential for various techniques such as PCR, electrophoresis, and protein purification, as it prevents pH fluctuations that could affect the outcomes. Additionally, it is employed in medical settings, including dialysis and as a component in intravenous solutions, to correct acidosis and maintain blood pH balance. Its buffering capacity also makes it useful in pharmaceutical formulations, where it stabilizes active ingredients and enhances drug efficacy.