Bicarbonate buffer is widely used in biological and medical research to maintain stable pH levels in cell cultures and laboratory experiments. It is essential in cell culture media, ensuring optimal conditions for cell growth and function. In clinical settings, it is used in diagnostic assays and blood gas analysis to mimic physiological conditions. Additionally, bicarbonate buffer plays a critical role in respiratory and renal physiology studies, helping to regulate acid-base balance in the body. It is also utilized in biochemistry experiments, such as enzyme activity assays, where precise pH control is necessary for accurate results.