Used primarily in molecular biology and biochemistry, this buffer is essential for DNA and RNA hybridization processes. It helps maintain a stable pH environment, crucial for the binding of nucleic acids during Southern and Northern blotting techniques. Additionally, it is employed in the preparation of samples for gel electrophoresis, ensuring the integrity of nucleic acids by preventing degradation. The buffer also plays a role in immunohistochemistry, where it aids in antigen retrieval from tissue samples, enhancing the detection of specific proteins. Its balanced ionic strength and pH make it suitable for various diagnostic assays and research applications involving nucleic acid analysis.