(R)-Zanubrutinib is primarily used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, particularly B-cell malignancies. It is specifically effective in managing conditions like chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The compound works by inhibiting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a crucial enzyme in the B-cell receptor signaling pathway. By blocking BTK, it disrupts the survival and proliferation signals in malignant B-cells, leading to their destruction. This targeted approach helps in reducing tumor growth and improving patient outcomes with potentially fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. Additionally, (R)-Zanubrutinib is being explored for its efficacy in other B-cell-related disorders and as part of combination therapies to enhance its anticancer effects.