NEO2734 is primarily used as a research compound in epigenetic studies, targeting specific chromatin-modifying enzymes. It functions as a dual inhibitor of CBP/p300 and BET bromodomain proteins, making it valuable in the investigation of gene expression regulation. This compound is utilized in oncology research due to its ability to suppress the growth of cancer cells, particularly in hematological malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma. Its dual inhibition mechanism allows for disruption of key oncogenic transcriptional programs, enhancing anti-tumor activity in preclinical models. NEO2734 is also employed to study synergistic effects when combined with other anticancer agents, supporting the development of novel combination therapies. Due to its cell permeability and stability, it is suitable for in vitro and in vivo experimental systems aimed at validating epigenetic targets.