Used as a precursor in the synthesis of bismuth-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic applications, particularly in the degradation of organic pollutants under visible light. Employed in the formulation of antacids and gastrointestinal medications due to its mild alkaline properties and low toxicity. Serves as an intermediate in the production of bismuth oxide, which is utilized in fire-retardant coatings and ceramic pigments. Applied in environmental chemistry for the removal of heavy metals and arsenic from contaminated water through adsorption processes. Investigated for use in flame-retardant additives for plastics and textiles, offering a non-toxic alternative to halogenated compounds.