Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is widely used in the field of medicine and health supplements due to its neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties. It is commonly administered to support brain health, particularly in conditions like Alzheimer's disease, age-related cognitive decline, and depression. The compound helps improve memory, focus, and overall mental clarity by enhancing mitochondrial function and promoting energy production in brain cells.

Additionally, it is utilized in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, especially in diabetic patients, as it aids in nerve regeneration and reduces pain associated with nerve damage. Its antioxidant properties also make it beneficial in combating oxidative stress, which is linked to various chronic diseases.

In sports nutrition, acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is often included in supplements to enhance physical performance, reduce fatigue, and support muscle recovery by facilitating the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Its role in improving mood and reducing symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome further broadens its therapeutic applications.