2-Hydroxyhexanedioic acid is primarily used in the production of biodegradable polymers, particularly polyesters, due to its ability to introduce hydroxyl groups into the polymer chain, enhancing biodegradability. It is also employed in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, including plasticizers and lubricants, where its unique structure contributes to improved performance and stability. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of certain drugs, leveraging its reactivity to form complex molecules. Additionally, it finds application in cosmetic formulations, where it acts as a pH adjuster and mild exfoliant, promoting skin renewal and maintaining product stability. Its role in organic synthesis further extends to the creation of fine chemicals and agrochemicals, where it is valued for its versatility and functional properties.