Used extensively in the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold and other noble metal surfaces, it serves as a crucial linker molecule in surface chemistry. Its thiol group binds strongly to metal surfaces, while the carboxylic acid group allows for further functionalization, enabling the attachment of biomolecules, nanoparticles, or polymers. This makes it valuable in biosensor development, where it facilitates the immobilization of proteins, DNA, or antibodies for detection purposes. Additionally, it is employed in nanotechnology for creating patterned surfaces and in corrosion inhibition studies due to its ability to form protective layers on metals. Its applications also extend to drug delivery systems, where it aids in the functionalization of carriers for targeted therapy.