Sodium ursodeoxycholate is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as an active ingredient in medications for treating liver and gallbladder disorders. It helps dissolve cholesterol gallstones, particularly in patients who cannot undergo surgery. Additionally, it is employed in the management of primary biliary cholangitis, a chronic liver disease, by improving bile flow and reducing liver damage. In research, it serves as a bile salt in cell culture studies to mimic physiological conditions and study bile acid metabolism. It is also utilized in drug delivery systems to enhance the solubility and absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs.