Used as a building block in polyurethane and polyester production, particularly in synthesizing specialty polymers with enhanced flexibility, durability, and scratch resistance. Serves as a solvent, humectant, and intermediate in organic synthesis. Commonly employed in coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, printing inks, and anti-corrosion materials due to its ability to improve chemical and moisture resistance. Also utilized in cosmetics and personal care products for maintaining moisture and improving texture, as well as in the synthesis of biodegradable plastics and as an intermediate in pharmaceuticals (e.g., vitamin B6) and agrochemicals. Its diol functionality allows for controlled chain extension and cross-linking in polymer systems.