Used as a bidentate ligand in transition metal catalysis, particularly in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Its electron-rich phosphine groups enhance catalyst stability and activity, improving yields in reactions like Suzuki and Heck couplings. The flexible propane backbone allows for favorable coordination geometry with metals, making it effective in forming active catalytic species. Also applied in homogeneous catalysis where air and moisture stability are beneficial, reducing the need for stringent reaction conditions.