PF-06751979 is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease. It functions as a beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) inhibitor, targeting the enzyme responsible for the production of amyloid-beta peptides, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's. By inhibiting BACE1, it aims to reduce amyloid plaque formation in the brain, potentially slowing disease progression. Clinical trials have focused on evaluating its efficacy, safety, and tolerability in patients with early-stage Alzheimer's, with the goal of providing a disease-modifying treatment option. Additionally, research explores its potential in other amyloid-related disorders, though its primary focus remains on Alzheimer's disease.