Nacubactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor with intrinsic antibacterial activity, particularly against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. It is primarily used in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics to enhance their efficacy by protecting them from enzymatic degradation caused by beta-lactamases produced by resistant pathogens. This makes it especially valuable in treating complicated urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, and hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales and carbapenem-resistant strains. Its dual action—both inhibiting resistance enzymes and directly killing bacteria—positions nacubactam as a promising agent in the fight against antimicrobial resistance in critical care settings.