Propranolol hydrochloride is widely used in the medical field for managing various cardiovascular conditions. It is primarily prescribed to treat high blood pressure, helping to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, it is effective in controlling irregular heart rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation, by stabilizing the heart's electrical activity.

Beyond cardiovascular applications, it is also utilized to prevent migraines, significantly reducing the frequency and severity of episodes. In cases of anxiety, particularly performance anxiety, it helps alleviate physical symptoms like trembling and rapid heartbeat. Furthermore, it is sometimes used to manage symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as rapid heart rate and tremors, by blocking the effects of excess thyroid hormone. Its versatility makes it a valuable medication in both acute and chronic therapeutic settings.