JQ-1 is primarily used in biomedical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of the BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) family of proteins, particularly BRD4. By binding to the bromodomain pockets, it disrupts the recognition of acetylated histones, thereby interfering with gene transcription processes linked to cell growth and proliferation. This makes JQ-1 a valuable tool in studying cancer biology, especially in cancers driven by aberrant transcriptional regulation, such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and solid tumors. It has also been investigated for its potential in suppressing tumor growth and inducing apoptosis in preclinical models. Beyond oncology, JQ-1 shows promise in inflammation and cardiovascular research due to its ability to modulate key inflammatory genes. Additionally, it has been used to probe the role of BET proteins in viral latency, including HIV, where it helps reactivate latent virus, suggesting utility in "shock and kill" strategies for curing chronic infections. Its role as a chemical probe continues to expand our understanding of epigenetic regulation in disease.