Tavaborole is primarily used as a topical antifungal agent for the treatment of onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the toenails. It works by inhibiting fungal protein synthesis through the inhibition of leucyl-tRNA synthetase, an enzyme essential for fungal cell survival. Due to its ability to penetrate the nail plate effectively, tavaborole achieves high concentrations in the nail bed and matrix, making it suitable for localized treatment. It is applied directly to the affected nails once daily, offering a non-systemic option with minimal risk of drug interactions or systemic side effects. Its targeted action and favorable safety profile make it a preferred choice for mild to moderate cases of toenail fungus.