5-Bromo-2-formylbenzoic acid is primarily utilized as an intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Its reactive aldehyde and carboxylic acid groups make it a versatile building block for constructing complex molecules. It is often employed in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, which are key structures in many active pharmaceutical ingredients. Additionally, it can be used in the development of dyes, pigments, and other specialty chemicals due to its ability to undergo various chemical transformations. Its role in cross-coupling reactions also makes it valuable in creating advanced materials and catalysts.