3-Formylbenzoic acid is widely used in organic synthesis as a versatile intermediate. It serves as a key building block in the production of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The formyl group allows for further functionalization, making it valuable in creating complex molecules.

In material science, it is employed in the development of polymers and coatings, where its reactive aldehyde group can participate in cross-linking reactions to enhance material properties. Additionally, it is utilized in the synthesis of dyes and pigments, contributing to the vibrant colors in textiles and industrial applications. Its role in coordination chemistry is also notable, as it aids in the preparation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and other advanced materials.