Used as a balanced salt solution in cell culture applications, providing an isotonic environment to maintain cell viability during procedures such as washing, transporting, or diluting cells. Commonly used in trypsinization, cell harvesting, and as a base for preparing other solutions like buffers or staining media. Suitable for use in mammalian cell culture, tissue dissociation, and certain types of microscopy where calcium and magnesium-free conditions are required. Also utilized in some virology and immunology assays to maintain physiological pH and osmolarity.