Used in bioconjugation and click chemistry applications due to the presence of the azido group, enabling selective coupling with alkynes via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Commonly employed in the synthesis of fluorescent probes and labeling agents, where the carbazole moiety provides intrinsic fluorescence and photostability. Applied in biochemical research for tagging biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, or glycans for detection and imaging. Also explored in materials science for developing functional organic thin films and optoelectronic devices due to carbazole’s charge-transport properties. The hydroxyl groups allow further functionalization or attachment to polymers and surfaces.