Barasertib is primarily used in cancer research and treatment, particularly targeting acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It functions as an Aurora B kinase inhibitor, which plays a critical role in cell division. By inhibiting this enzyme, Barasertib disrupts the proliferation of cancer cells, leading to their death. It has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies for its ability to selectively target cancer cells while sparing normal cells, reducing side effects. Researchers are also exploring its potential in combination therapies with other anticancer agents to enhance treatment efficacy. Its application extends to studying cell cycle regulation and tumor growth mechanisms in various cancers beyond AML.