Alisertib is primarily used in the field of oncology as an investigational drug targeting cancer treatment. It functions as a selective inhibitor of Aurora A kinase, an enzyme that plays a critical role in cell division and proliferation. By inhibiting this enzyme, Alisertib disrupts the mitotic process in cancer cells, leading to their death and potentially halting tumor growth.

This compound has been studied in various clinical trials for its efficacy in treating different types of cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, small cell lung cancer, and hematologic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Its ability to target rapidly dividing cells makes it a promising candidate for cancers that are resistant to conventional therapies.

Researchers are also exploring its use in combination with other chemotherapy agents or targeted therapies to enhance its effectiveness and reduce the likelihood of drug resistance. Additionally, Alisertib's role in mitigating cancer stem cell activity is being investigated, as these cells are often responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis.

While still under clinical evaluation, Alisertib represents a potential advancement in precision medicine, offering hope for patients with aggressive or treatment-resistant cancers. Its development underscores the importance of targeting specific molecular pathways to improve therapeutic outcomes.