Biphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid is primarily utilized in the synthesis of advanced materials, particularly in the development of organic frameworks and coordination polymers. Its rigid biphenyl core and carboxylic acid functional groups make it a valuable building block for constructing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are widely used in gas storage, separation, and catalysis. Additionally, it serves as a precursor in the production of liquid crystals and high-performance polymers, contributing to applications in display technologies and specialty plastics. Its ability to form stable complexes with metal ions also makes it suitable for use in chelating agents and as a ligand in catalytic systems.