Used as a key building block in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly for constructing porous materials with high thermal and chemical stability. Its multiple carboxylic acid groups enable strong coordination with metal ions, making it valuable in designing MOFs for gas storage, separation processes, and catalysis. It is also utilized in the production of high-performance polymers, such as polyesters and resins, requiring heat resistance and structural strength due to its ability to form cross-links with other substances. Additionally, applied in the development of functional materials for sensing, drug delivery, coatings, and biodegradable plastics, leveraging its rigid aromatic structure and ability to form extended networks.