Used in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to its ability to act as a rigid, multitopic linker. Its four carboxylic acid groups enable strong coordination with metal ions, forming porous materials with high thermal and chemical stability. These MOFs are applied in gas storage, separation processes, and catalysis. Also investigated for use in proton-conducting membranes for fuel cells, owing to its potential to form hydrogen-bonded networks that facilitate proton transport. Additionally, serves as a building block in the preparation of advanced polyimides and other high-performance polymers, contributing to improved thermal and mechanical properties.